European Union Expands Scope of Carbon Tax
Interinstitutional negotiations have officially begun to expand the scope of the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and include new products.
As the European Union enters a new period under its Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, the interinstitutional negotiation phase has begun to include machinery, metal products, and certain home appliances in the carbon regulation starting from 2028.
New Process Under CBAM
Following the transition to the financial obligation period in the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, a new phase has been reached to expand the scope of the regulation.
The proposal of approximately 180 products announced by the European Commission in December 2025 has gained a much broader dimension with the evaluations of EU institutions.
Interinstitutional Negotiations Have Begun
With the position it adopted on September 15, 2026, the European Parliament strongly supported the approach envisaging an increase in the product list to 457.
The EU Council also adopted its own position regarding the expansion of the scope on June 12, paving the way for the interinstitutional negotiation process.
Impacts on Turkey's Exports
According to the European Commission's impact assessment, Turkey is expected to be the second country most affected by the expansion of the scope, following China.
According to data shared by the Ministry of Trade, Turkey's annual exports of products that could enter the new scope to the European Union are calculated at approximately 8 billion euros.
Supplier Position in the Current Period
Turkey ranks among the top of the European Union's most important suppliers for products within the current CBAM scope.
While 18.34 million tons of imports realized between the period of October 2023 and June 2025 were supplied from Turkey, our country ranked first in cement and aluminum.
Carbon Cost Risk in Industry
At the forefront of the sectors that could be affected by the second wave of CBAM is the machinery industry, which intensively uses inputs such as steel, casting, and aluminum.
Fasteners, metal parts, industrial equipment, and various machinery components may face carbon costs in the new period.
Evaluation of New Sectors
According to the review report published by the European Commission in December 2025, the inclusion of additional sectors such as chemicals in the scope will be evaluated in 2027.
It is planned that all these new products and certain indirect emissions will be included in the CBAM scope as of January 1, 2028.